 鲜花( 152)  鸡蛋( 1)
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发表于 2010-10-5 12:10
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Go is played on a board with pieces called "stones" in two colors, black and white. The board has a grid on it; usually 19×19, but 9×9 and 13×13 are sometimes used for teaching, and other sizes can be used as well.
) [& K7 U( Q4 S* |) A8 kEach player chooses a color (either black or white), and the players take turns placing stones of their color on the board. Stones are placed on the intersections of the grid, not in the spaces. Each turn a player places exactly one stone on the board. Traditionally, the player with the black stones moves first.
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Once a stone has been placed, it is not moved, but it may be taken off of the board if it is captured
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& m, j: o$ G$ JA "liberty" of a chain is an empty space sitting next to it. This is an important idea in go. For now, you can think of liberties as "breathing spaces" for a chain. For example, a single stone in the middle of the board has four liberties:: f" t N6 q- s7 f# r: P- G
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If that stone were on the side of the board, it would have only three liberties6 o9 @2 I2 F1 l# x- w& V3 B
A chain in go is captured when it has no liberties left. - e5 ^- ~+ {4 U: a: D
8 o0 T/ g6 _. b+ @! k; a) h4 s& DNotice that White can never capture this group. Even if White surrounds the entire outside, Black still has two liberties (one for each eye). If White tries to fill in one of these liberties, the white stone will simply commit suicide. Since white can't fill both eyes at once, the black group will always live! A group that cannot be killed is called a "living group."
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In a real game of go, the players score points at the end of the game and the best score wins.
) O! ?" n$ H0 D0 [: `8 EThere are two ways to keep score in Go; one counts captures as points (sometimes called Japanese counting), the other counts living stones as points (sometimes called Chinese counting). The two usually add up to the same score, and on the KGS Go Server you can play with either system. Here we'll count living stones as points.
$ q$ T* o( M" z' w5 PIn go, at the end of the game, you get one point for every living stone that you have on the board, plus one point for every space in one of your eyes. When both players pass, the game ends and you tally up the score.
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Notice that either player can capture in the middle; on the other player's turn, they can capture right back! This would go on forever, so the "ko" rule was invented to make the players continue onward.9 X2 Z6 S% o8 B: E
The ko rule says that you can never make a capture that brings the board right back to where it was before. This sounds confusing, but it's easy in practice. Basically, when you see a chance to capture one stone back and forth - you can't! Instead you have to play somewhere else. Then your opponent can either fill in the capture space (saving their stone). If your opponent doesn't do this, then you are free to capture the stone because the board has changed. After this, it is your opponent who has to play somewhere else. |
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发表于 2010-10-5 11:58
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