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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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7 V9 |1 S& l w5 shttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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2 h1 z; N' K$ E- nJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China% [$ w) U* u ^6 E C& X1 P
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of ]0 ]2 _9 O% G# A" J$ H
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
& @ I( h/ r' ^$ L. C6 p7 n7 ^
% F; U) y0 I; G1 fLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of* N. K* I$ s) c7 Q
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.+ M" W" J+ E( r" _* o
, b- |$ `) K( b) \: R! hSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .6 }% p& d6 o0 p$ h
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20187 V6 e1 x5 N9 b' S/ L- s
Published online 26 January 2018
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$ ~& i" ?4 |4 X8 z' CAbstract) m2 D2 Y( R, d# q
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing/ E4 |+ I3 L7 a. N; B/ L. O) [# V
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The$ @1 _5 Q2 P% e
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been% R0 J; W* ~' g |) U
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not- a" \' j# p7 {8 b" d
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
* F( Y0 R. c( s) U! G2 |works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
2 _ s* J3 G, H( F* cto the standardization of the scientific terminology0 W7 [& ]7 n6 Y' h
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s, x9 X& n3 p7 k7 v" c, J
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
0 n5 K5 h5 m, @and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the9 H5 |/ m/ q; y0 _ ~4 q/ v0 [5 j3 a% [! f
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
$ ~ ~) t$ {, G1 U/ Gin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
|* k+ f+ l" Y1 M8 |0 L8 Ohe established had helped greatly with the popularization) ^) z( e X/ {3 e) E
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring- K# t9 N& {% a& G" g0 ]7 I
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way$ [4 @7 ~/ |- \, O
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
8 q1 l h9 I$ F- c. d" r7 _( z- g+ zthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a2 T) g8 i8 ?$ e" X
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific& j$ \2 k/ z5 R
terminology.
$ ]. b6 ?2 k' T, H8 a gKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
) Y- W% a+ Y# ]! }9 {6 cStandardization of terminology translation' [" Q; g5 ]6 r6 [6 k2 q
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to9 a4 N. \ V6 S. Z( m o9 n' s
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern2 J% W& a: T' S3 T& ^, m
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available; c7 X2 ~) W6 a* C
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
0 e3 E9 q6 v1 @# p+ n/ z& U! VDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213# D. r4 ?, U; y/ _% x/ g" k0 F/ J, A) o
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, ~# Y( o$ _4 U. ]INTRODUCTION
, V4 S0 Y, t) q1 P, n6 t/ `' S% vJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
3 A* T/ F f2 _+ O" A4 |. O3 ba great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
/ A2 e9 F! E9 HDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to6 w3 k2 g9 Q) ^. N
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of, l p" E( F3 g( D
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
/ m. ]& u# s5 @, M$ l" C3 f6 wby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as2 l- |( m: ~( G" F1 E
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
7 n) t; P2 ?1 o: n! ~' D! u& [his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
@2 q4 T' v# Y, Z% J1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
0 J! k6 V6 y) j% }' m+ ^works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,) V# {, n. [1 I ~% ~: X7 z1 `. i
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
" X$ Z; }) x6 {0 q# w. sNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated* |- {, d1 V- x7 L) X7 q2 ^3 y
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
1 ]7 h0 S0 k" {# Xwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,0 V: c) L# k5 [) x$ J- w: q7 V8 B
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,/ T8 l1 m( c* v i! ]
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
8 S; Y1 ~1 ~! Kbooks that made him the most productive one among the
. O u& Q8 w& W. R6 ?foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,8 N# U, a* ~) P; X" h. s9 N L
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a9 D6 `! K: A6 r( j& p
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
& t) B7 ?. o9 F, o# i' |6 t8 S cpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).2 |+ X: d' A# T* m! P
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
5 S$ I" x6 _; m4 \4 g% `2 _7 Falso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
`" f! P B$ E! z6 x4 k: mscience and the standardization of translated scientific. ^ i+ M" K0 _/ ]# f
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific$ f7 Z( o$ Q/ ~: `0 p' u% s; p
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the6 N0 H# M: h3 z; e6 g1 Y
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another1 Y* M8 Z% I! O) l/ F
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
$ t6 X6 L. p' M( O. M( s6 aof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in/ }3 x% ^" b; e X) a
Modern China.
/ _( c% u# X6 t- x2 D! d" gAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
' m0 R& F! Z" l6 ]/ Y( yThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of( L$ Q% k/ ]9 g j
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing6 I2 R! e6 P$ A# l9 B, ?, u
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
) t$ }+ D7 M7 K5 BJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
; _. q5 n2 U/ e# `0 k( V* KTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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